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Key Equations
speed of light v=λf v=λf
constant value for the speed of light c= 3.00 ×  10 8 m/s c= 3.00 ×  10 8 m/s
elapsed time Δt=γΔ t 0 Δt=γΔ t 0
relativistic factor γ= 1 1− u 2 c 2 γ= 1 1− u 2 c 2
length contraction L= L 0 γ L= L 0 γ
relativistic momentum p=γmu p=γmu
relativistic energy E=γm c 2 E=γm c 2
rest energy E 0 =m c 2 E 0 =m c 2