the process or product of the process by which the traits of a population change over time to better fit the environment in which the population lives

a classification of organisms whose cells are eukaryotic (have a nucleus and organelles), do not have cell walls, and which rely on consuming other organisms for food

the basic unit of life; a collection of organic matter (cytoplasm) surrounded by a membrane, containing biomolecules such as DNA and proteins, and which has the ability to metabolize and replicate itself

a semipermeable layer surrounding the cell that consists of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins in it; it controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell

the usually rigid nonliving permeable wall that surrounds the cell membrane; it encloses and supports the cells of most plants, bacteria, fungi, and algae

an organelle that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis

the gel-like, organized complex of inorganic and organic substances outside of the nuclear membrane of a cell; includes the cytosol and all the membrane-bound organelles

any of various round or long cellular organelles of most eukaryotes that are found outside the nucleus, produce energy for the cell through cellular respiration, and are made of fats, proteins, and enzymes

a cellular organelle of eukaryotes that is essential to cell functions, contains the genetic material (DNA) of the organism, and is enclosed in a definite membrane

a classification of organisms whose cells are eukaryotic (have a nucleus and organelles), have a cell wall, and which uses chlorophyll to make their own food through photosynthesis from sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide

granules in the cytoplasm that are made primarily of RNA and are the sites of protein synthesis

a cavity or vesicle in the cytoplasm of a cell, usually containing fluid