S.5.9 | Texas Gateway

SCIENCE.5.9 — Vertical Alignment

Vertical alignment shows student expectations in the same subject area at different grade levels that are related to or build upon one another.

S.K.9.A

identify, describe, and predict the patterns of day and night and their observable characteristics; and

S.5.9

demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours and explain how that causes the day/night cycle and the appearance of the Sun moving across the sky, resulting in changes in shadow positions and shapes.

ASTRO.6.A

observe, record, and analyze the apparent movement of the Sun, Moon, and stars and predict sunrise and sunset;

ASTRO.9.B

predict how changing latitudinal position affects the length of day and night throughout a planet's orbital year;

SCIENCE.5.9 — Breakout of skills

Breakouts are the component parts that make up a student expectation. A breakout shows a distinct concept a student should know or a distinct skill that a student should be able to demonstrate.

The student is expected to

demonstrate that Earth rotates on its axis once approximately every 24 hours

explain how [Earth's rotation] causes

the appearance of the Sun moving across the sky, resulting in changes in shadow positions and shapes

the day/night cycle

Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content

Recurring themes and concepts provide a connective structure for scientific ideas across disciplines. The connection(s) below show some ways that teachers can help students understand how the content they are learning fits into the broader understanding of science. These connections do not represent all possible connections that might be made but highlight some that are appropriate for this grade level.

Patterns

Patterns are regular sequences that can be found throughout nature.

Shadow positions and shapes change in recognizable patterns over the course of a day, allowing students to determine the general time of day and position of the Sun in the sky.

Cause-and-effect relationships

Cause-and-effect relationships are relationships between two or more variables or phenomena whereby one variable or event leads to a predictable response. Events have causes—sometimes simple, sometimes multi-faceted.

The rotation of the Earth causes the Sun to appear to move across the sky (effect), producing shadows of different lengths at different times of day (effect).

Scale, proportion, and quantity in systems

It is important to consider how changes in scale, proportion, or quantity affect a system’s structure or performance. Scale refers to the size of an object in relation to another object or its environment. Proportion is the ratio of one quantity to another. Quantity is a count of a set of objects or a measurement of a substance.

The shadow of an object is proportional to the height of the object and varies based on the time of day.

Model the interdependence and parts of a system

A system is a whole made of parts that work together. It has components and boundaries. It can interact with or be part of other systems.

The system is comprised of the Sun, Earth, and an object on Earth's surface. The arrangement of these parts in relation to each other creates shadows.

Science.5.9

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SCIENCE.5.9 — Vertical Alignment

SCIENCE.5.9 — Breakout of skills

Recurring themes and concepts — Connections to the content

Cross-curricular Connections